Авторы

Маннопротеины и их выделение из дрожжевых клеток

УДК 636.087.24

Маннопротеины и их выделение из дрожжевых клеток

Меледина Т. В., Кунцова М. Н., Давыденко С. Г., Маньшин Д. В.

Аннотация
Маннопротеины входят в состав клеточных стенок и определяют их ферментативную активность и структурно-механические свойства. Несмотря на незначительное содержание в них белка, именно белок участвует в организации архитектуры клеточной стенки взаимодействуя с глюканами и хитином. Тип гликозилирования белков важен как для проявления функциональной активности, так и для выбора методов экстракции МП из клеточных стенок. Среди многообразия способов освобождения клеток от цитоплазмы наилучшим признан автолиз дрожжей, осуществляемый внутриклеточными ферментами. Выбор технологии выделения маннопротеинов определяется эффективностью процесса. Наибольший выход МП получен при ферментативном гидролизе. Однако установлено, что другие, менее эффективные методы, позволяют получить фрагменты с важными функциональными свойствами, которые успешно используются в пищевой промышленности, медицине и животноводстве. В зависимости от молекулярной массы и соотношения белок/маннан препараты проявляют антимикробные и пребиотические свойства используются в качестве парапробиотиков с антимикробными и пребиотическими свойствами. Их можно использовать в качестве биоконсервантов в продуктах питания, для профилактики и лечения некоторых заболеваний.

Ключевые слова: маннопротеины, клеточная стенка, экстракция, функциональный ингредиент, энология, аквакультура, медицина.

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