Authors

Plant raw material extraction with periodic intensive hydrodynamic regime

UDC 539.217 2:66.084

Plant raw material extraction with periodic intensive hydrodynamic regime

Ivanov E.V. , Matveeva N.A.

Abstract
The article deals with extracting process of target components from plant raw material rotary-pulsation and planetary apparatus which provide intense hydrodynamic impact on the raw material. The rotary-pulsation apparatus is represented by two-stage machine with the outer diameter of the second rotor of 100 mm, with the slots in the rotor and stator being 4-1.5 mm wide. Water output of the device is approximately 0.4-0.8 l/s. Planetary batch apparatus has the following characteristics: the number of drums – 3; drum capacity – 0.62 liters; drum diameter – 110 mm; carrier rotation speed - 448 rev/min; drum rotation speed – 550 rev/min; centrifugal force on the circumference of the drum rotation – 28g. One 57 mm diameter stainless steel roller is placed in each drum. Flavonoid compounds extraction kinetics from crushed dry and pre-wetted hawthorn fruit (average particle size – 1.8 mm), St. John's wort chopped herbs (average particle size – 1.7 mm) and licorice root (average particle size – 2.4 mm) is analyzed. 40% (vol.) aqueous ethyl alcohol is used as the extractant. The weight ratio of extractant to the one of the raw material depending on raw material and extractor type is from 1:12 to 1:50. Apparatus are periodically switched on briefly and then switched off for 5-10 minutes. The apparatus operation time is selected on the basis of raw material particles processing conditions for ≈10-60 seconds. The total duration of intensive hydrodynamic impact on the raw materials is from 3 to 20% of the total extraction process duration. This technology allows power consumption to be at least 5 times less, reducing raw material grinding size and ballast substances output. After the intermittent operation of the rotary-pulsating and planetary apparatus the duration of suspension filtration is 5-14 times lower than at their continuous operation, total process duration being the same.

Keywords: extraction, plant raw material, energy saving, rotary pulsation apparatus, planetary apparatus

All references

1. Aksel'rud G.A., Lysyanskii V.M. Extraction (system a solid body – liquid). Leningrad, Khimiya, 1974. 256 p. (in Russian)

2. Lysyanskii V.M., Grebenyuk S.M. Extraction in the food industry. Moscow, Agropromizdat, 1987. 187 p. (in Russian)

3. Babenko Yu.I., Ivanov E.V. Extraction. Theory and practical applications. – SPb.: Professional, 2009. 334 p. (in Russian)

Davies J.T. A physical interpretation of drop sizes in homogenizers and agitated tanks, including the dispersion of viscous oils. Chemical Engineering Science. 1987. Vol. 42, No 7. P. 1671-1676.

5. Balabudkin M.A. The rotor and pulsation devices in chemical pharmaceutical industry. – M: Meditsina, 1983. p. 145-155. (in Russian)

6. Dolinskii A.A., Basok B.I. Rotor and pulse device. 1. Pulse effects of local adiabatic boiling up and cavitation of liquid. Promyshlennaya teplotekhnika. 1998. Vol. 20, No 6. p. 7-10. (in Russian)

7. Dolinskii A.A., Basok B.I. Rotor and pulse device. 2. Local pulse heating of liquid. Promyshlennaya teplotekhnika. 1999. Vol. 21, No 1. p. 3-5. (in Russian)

8. Dolinskii A.A., Ivanitskii G.K. The principles of development of new energy saving technologies and the equipment on the basis of methods of discretely pulse input of energy. Promyshlennaya teplotekhnika. 1997. Vol. 19, No 4-5. p. 13-25. (in Russian)

9. Ivanov E.V., Shvyrev M.V., Minina S.A., Kochnev V.G. Way of extraction of medicinal vegetable raw materials in the planetary device. Khim.-farm. zhurnal. 2004. Vol. 38, No 11. p. 29-32. (in Russian)

10. Ivanov E.V., Babenko Yu.I, Moshinskii A.I., Abiev R.Sh. Dissolution and extraction in system a firm body liquid. Novyi spravochnik khimika i tekhnologa. Protsessy i apparaty khimicheskoi tekhnologii. 2006. Vol. 2. p. 442-523. (in Russian)

11. Varenykh N.M., Verigin A.N., Dzhangiryan V.G. i dr. Chemical and technological units of machining of disperse materials. – SPb: SPbU, 2002. 482 p. (in Russian)

12. Shvyrev M.V., Ivanov E.V., Minina S.A. Intensification of processes of extraction lekarstvenno vegetable raw materials with a variable pressure in system /Materials of the international scientific and practical conference. – SPb.: Izdatel'stvo SPKhFA. 2004. p. 214-217. (in Russian)

13. Ivanov, E.V. Influence of discrete redistribution of the taken component in raw materials particles on extraction process. Messenger of the Voronezh GU. Series: Chemistry. Biology. Pharmacy. 2006. No 2. p. 47-50. (in Russian)

14. Ostrikov A.N., Gorbatova A.V. The study of the kinetics of the mixing process spreads at variable heat supply / Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta enzhenernih technologiy [Proceedings the Voronezh state University of engineering technologies]. 2015. No. 2 (64). P. 10-13. (in Russian)

15. GOST 24027.0-80. Raw materials the medicinal vegetable. Acceptance procedures and methods of a sampling of tests. (in Russian)

16. State pharmacopeia of the USSR. Vol. 2. General methods of the analysis. Medicinal vegetable raw materials. MZ USSR. 11th prod., additional. – M.: Meditsina, 1989. 400 p. (in Russian)

17. Kurochkin E.I. Herbs. 6th prod., corr. and additional. – Samara: AVS, 2001. 560 p. (in Russian)

18. Herbs of the State Pharmacopoeia / Under the editorship of. I.A. Samylinoi, V.A. Severtseva. – M.: ANMI, 1999. 488 p. (in Russian)

Read the full article