Analysis of technical solutions in transport and storage of liquefied natural gas
DOI: 10.17586/1606-4313-2019-18-3-15-22
UDC 621.643.07:621.642.07
Voronov V.A., Karyakina E.D., Akhmerov E.V.
Abstract
Due to the rapid growth in consumption of liquefied natural gas (LNG) the issues of its transportation and storage are becoming increasingly relevant. The biggest attention of researchers is focused at the transport of LNG with the use of pipelines. That type of transportation has a wide variety of problems, such as preventing the formation of two-phase flow along the entire length of the pipeline, inital filling and cooling of the pipe, selection of the pipeline material that provides the necessary margin of safety and stability, good choice of insulation coating and etc. This article describes possible solutions for these problems and various types of pipeline materials. Polymers are proposed as a material of low-temperature pipeline. A consistent methodology for the hydraulic calculation of an LNG pipeline is suggested. So far the storage of LNG in large volumes has been carried out in isothermal storage facilities. When designing LNG storage systems it is necessary to take into account large number of factors, such as terrain features, geology, meteorology, special requirements for ecology, safety, etc. This paper considers the main types of tank structures used, as well as the materials applying for their construction. In addition, аmethod of underground storage is proposed which consists in the construction of a repository in the rock mass by a shaftless method. The presented storage method focuses on the harsh conditions of the Extreme North. Soils in that area at a certain depth are always in the permafrost state and have a soil strength that allows, under certain conditions, to build tanks of large volumes with the lowest metal consumption. To ensure cooling, it is suggested applying thermosiphons. Conclusions are drawn about advantages and disadvantages of the technical solutions described.
Keywords: LNG, low-temperature pipeline, underground low-temperature storage, hydraulic calculation of LNG pipeline, polymers, thermosiphons, cold ring.
UDC 621.643.07:621.642.07
Analysis of technical solutions in transport and storage of liquefied natural gas
Abstract
Due to the rapid growth in consumption of liquefied natural gas (LNG) the issues of its transportation and storage are becoming increasingly relevant. The biggest attention of researchers is focused at the transport of LNG with the use of pipelines. That type of transportation has a wide variety of problems, such as preventing the formation of two-phase flow along the entire length of the pipeline, inital filling and cooling of the pipe, selection of the pipeline material that provides the necessary margin of safety and stability, good choice of insulation coating and etc. This article describes possible solutions for these problems and various types of pipeline materials. Polymers are proposed as a material of low-temperature pipeline. A consistent methodology for the hydraulic calculation of an LNG pipeline is suggested. So far the storage of LNG in large volumes has been carried out in isothermal storage facilities. When designing LNG storage systems it is necessary to take into account large number of factors, such as terrain features, geology, meteorology, special requirements for ecology, safety, etc. This paper considers the main types of tank structures used, as well as the materials applying for their construction. In addition, аmethod of underground storage is proposed which consists in the construction of a repository in the rock mass by a shaftless method. The presented storage method focuses on the harsh conditions of the Extreme North. Soils in that area at a certain depth are always in the permafrost state and have a soil strength that allows, under certain conditions, to build tanks of large volumes with the lowest metal consumption. To ensure cooling, it is suggested applying thermosiphons. Conclusions are drawn about advantages and disadvantages of the technical solutions described.
Keywords: LNG, low-temperature pipeline, underground low-temperature storage, hydraulic calculation of LNG pipeline, polymers, thermosiphons, cold ring.
Русский
English
