Biopotential of secondary crab raw materials and products of its hy-drolysis for use in aquabiotechnology
DOI: 10.17586/1606-4313-2023-22-3-44-52
UDC 664.951.014: 639.55: 627.8
Mezenova O. Ya., Maksimova Svetlana N., Agafonova S.V., Romanenko Natalya Yu., Kalinina Natalya S., Volkov Vladimir V., Mörsel Jörg-Thomas
Keywords: secondary crab raw materials, hydrolysis, thermolysis, enzymatic lysis, active peptides, amino acid composition, fatty acid composition, molecular fractional composition, aquaculture.
UDC 664.951.014: 639.55: 627.8
Biopotential of secondary crab raw materials and products of its hy-drolysis for use in aquabiotechnology
For citation: Mezenova O.Ja., Maksimova S.N., Agafonova S.V., Romanenko N.Yu., Kalinina N.S., Volkov V.V., Mörsel J.-T.
Biopotential of secondary crab raw materials and products of its hydrolysis for use in aquabiotechnology. Journal of International Academy of Refrigeration. 2023. No 3. p. 44-52. DOI: 10.17586/1606-4313-2023-22-3-44-52
Abstract
Russia is the world leader in the extraction of king crabs. After the separation of the limbs, 24-36% of crab waste remains, which in our country are mainly utilized despite their containing valuable organic components. The purpose of the research is to assess the biopotential of Kamchatka crab waste and its hydrolysis products by high-temperature and enzymatic methods.The work used generally accepted and standard methods for assessing the chemical composition, biological and nutritional value. It has been shown that, on average, crab waste (cephalothorax, carapace, hepatopancreas, and abdomen) contains 15.6-16.9% protein, 8.3-8.6% minerals, 1.4-1.9% fat, 72, 6–75.8% water, and 1.8–2.4% carbohydrates (chitin).During high-temperature and enzymatic hydrolysis after separation of the system and drying of the products, water-soluble and sedimentary fractions are formed with a protein content of 61.1-68.9% and 34.9-45.8% (thermohydrolysis), and 62.5-66.3% and 31.3-38.5% (fermentolysis). The enzymatic lysis of crab waste using the enzyme alkalase achieved a deeper level of hydrolysis than the treatment with collagenase.The proximity of the amino acid composition of proteins of various hydrolysates as well as the presence of almost all essential amino acids in them have been established. Alanine, arginine, glycine, taurine, leucine, and lysine predominate. The molecular-fractional composition of water-soluble hydrolysates has been established. In all samples, fractions with a molecular weight of less than 100 kDa predominate (100% in thermohydrolysates and 91.36% in fermentolysates).In thermohydrolysates, the content of low molecular weight active peptides with MM less than 5 kDa is somewhat higher than in enzymes (41.72% and 38.12%, respectively). An analysis of the fatty acid composition of crab fat showed its high biological value in terms of the content of PUFAs (42.5%), fatty acids of the omega-3 (30.6%) and omega-6 (12.3%) families.The water-soluble thermohydrolyzate was successfully tested in the composition of feed for growing trout fry. An increase in the growth coefficient of experimental fish by 1.24 times relative to the control ones was established. The obtained results testify to the high biopotential and rationality of the use of crab waste hydrolysates in aquabiotechnology.
Abstract
Russia is the world leader in the extraction of king crabs. After the separation of the limbs, 24-36% of crab waste remains, which in our country are mainly utilized despite their containing valuable organic components. The purpose of the research is to assess the biopotential of Kamchatka crab waste and its hydrolysis products by high-temperature and enzymatic methods.The work used generally accepted and standard methods for assessing the chemical composition, biological and nutritional value. It has been shown that, on average, crab waste (cephalothorax, carapace, hepatopancreas, and abdomen) contains 15.6-16.9% protein, 8.3-8.6% minerals, 1.4-1.9% fat, 72, 6–75.8% water, and 1.8–2.4% carbohydrates (chitin).During high-temperature and enzymatic hydrolysis after separation of the system and drying of the products, water-soluble and sedimentary fractions are formed with a protein content of 61.1-68.9% and 34.9-45.8% (thermohydrolysis), and 62.5-66.3% and 31.3-38.5% (fermentolysis). The enzymatic lysis of crab waste using the enzyme alkalase achieved a deeper level of hydrolysis than the treatment with collagenase.The proximity of the amino acid composition of proteins of various hydrolysates as well as the presence of almost all essential amino acids in them have been established. Alanine, arginine, glycine, taurine, leucine, and lysine predominate. The molecular-fractional composition of water-soluble hydrolysates has been established. In all samples, fractions with a molecular weight of less than 100 kDa predominate (100% in thermohydrolysates and 91.36% in fermentolysates).In thermohydrolysates, the content of low molecular weight active peptides with MM less than 5 kDa is somewhat higher than in enzymes (41.72% and 38.12%, respectively). An analysis of the fatty acid composition of crab fat showed its high biological value in terms of the content of PUFAs (42.5%), fatty acids of the omega-3 (30.6%) and omega-6 (12.3%) families.The water-soluble thermohydrolyzate was successfully tested in the composition of feed for growing trout fry. An increase in the growth coefficient of experimental fish by 1.24 times relative to the control ones was established. The obtained results testify to the high biopotential and rationality of the use of crab waste hydrolysates in aquabiotechnology.
Keywords: secondary crab raw materials, hydrolysis, thermolysis, enzymatic lysis, active peptides, amino acid composition, fatty acid composition, molecular fractional composition, aquaculture.
Русский
English
