Authors

Bio potential of gustera (Blicca bjoerkna L.) for food and feed use

DOI: 10.17586/1606-4313-2026-25-1-40-46
UDC 664.95

Bio potential of gustera (Blicca bjoerkna L.) for food and feed use

Agafonova S.V., Zemlyakova Еvgeniya S., Klyuchko Natalia Yu., Ulrikh Elena V., Novozhilov Oleg A., Kachanova Angelika V., Fedorova Olesya S., Menshenin Aleksandr S.

For citation: Agafonova S.V., Zemlyakova E.S., Klyuchko N. Yu., Ulrikh E.V., Novozhilov O.A., Kachanova A.V., Fedorova O.S., Menshenin A.S. Bio potential of gustera (Blicca bjoerkna L.) for food and feed use. Journal of International Academy of Refrigeration. 2026. No 1. p. DOI: 10.17586/1606-4313-2026-25-1-40-46. (in Russian)

Abstract
The chemical composition of gustera (Blicca bjoerkna L.) - a massive species of freshwater fish of the Cyprinidae family - which plays an important role in the ecosystems of European reservoirs, including the Kaliningrad region, has been studied in order to justify its use in the feed and food industries. Currently, a significant role of gustera in biocenoses is being recorded, as well as an increase in its reserves in the spawning rivers of the Kaliningrad region. It is promising to consider the issue of processing this type of underutilized raw materials for food and feed purposes. It has been determined that Blicca bjoerkna L. can be classified as a low-fat protein fish, with 82.67±0.31% moisture, 15.58±0.28% protein, 0.8±0.7% fat, and 0.95 ± 0.1% minerals in its muscle tissue. The fatty acid composition of Blicca bjoerkna L. oil was determined using gas chromatography: the content of saturated fatty acids is 40.6%, and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids is 16.1% of the total amount of fatty acids. The predominant saturated fatty acids are palmitic (24.0%) and stearic (7.2%), while the predominant monounsaturated fatty acids are oleic (28.8%) and palmitoleic (10.2%). The fraction of polyunsaturated fatty acids is represented by omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids with a predominance of omega-3, among which alpha-linolenic (4.1 %), eicosapentaenoic (3.5%), and docosahexaenoic (2.5 %) acids. The overall balance of gustera oil in terms of individual fatty acid fractions is at a high level, as evidenced by the value of the coefficient of 0.82. Gustera is known to be infested with certain parasites, but they can be removed through heat treatment or freezing. These findings suggest the potential for utilizing the gustera (Blicca bjoerkna L.) biopotential in expanding the range of food products, including dietary supplements and feed.

Keywords: gustera (Blicca bjoerkna L.), chemical composition, fatty acid composition, fatty acid balance coefficient.

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